元素周期表图表

元素价电子表

价电子是原子最外层的电子，也就是参与形成化学键的电子。主族元素的价电子数与所在的族一致。

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d 区和 f 区中颜色较浅的格子显示的是最外层电子数；这些元素的价电子还可能包括内层的 d 或 f 电子。

变化趋势

第 1 族和第 2 族有 1 个和 2 个价电子；第 13 至 18 族有 3 至 8 个（氦有 2 个）。原子倾向于得到、失去或共用电子，直到最外层达到 8 个电子，这就是八隅体规则。因此价电子数可以预测元素形成多少个化学键以及其离子的电荷。

全部元素的元素价电子表

序号	元素	价电子数	各层电子数
1	氢 (H)	1	1
2	氦 (He)	2	2
3	锂 (Li)	1	2, 1
4	铍 (Be)	2	2, 2
5	硼 (B)	3	2, 3
6	碳 (C)	4	2, 4
7	氮 (N)	5	2, 5
8	氧 (O)	6	2, 6
9	氟 (F)	7	2, 7
10	氖 (Ne)	8	2, 8
11	钠 (Na)	1	2, 8, 1
12	镁 (Mg)	2	2, 8, 2
13	铝 (Al)	3	2, 8, 3
14	硅 (Si)	4	2, 8, 4
15	磷 (P)	5	2, 8, 5
16	硫 (S)	6	2, 8, 6
17	氯 (Cl)	7	2, 8, 7
18	氩 (Ar)	8	2, 8, 8
19	钾 (K)	1	2, 8, 8, 1
20	钙 (Ca)	2	2, 8, 8, 2
21	钪 (Sc)	(2)	2, 8, 9, 2
22	钛 (Ti)	(2)	2, 8, 10, 2
23	钒 (V)	(2)	2, 8, 11, 2
24	铬 (Cr)	(1)	2, 8, 13, 1
25	锰 (Mn)	(2)	2, 8, 13, 2
26	铁 (Fe)	(2)	2, 8, 14, 2
27	钴 (Co)	(2)	2, 8, 15, 2
28	镍 (Ni)	(2)	2, 8, 16, 2
29	铜 (Cu)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 1
30	锌 (Zn)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 2
31	镓 (Ga)	3	2, 8, 18, 3
32	锗 (Ge)	4	2, 8, 18, 4
33	砷 (As)	5	2, 8, 18, 5
34	硒 (Se)	6	2, 8, 18, 6
35	溴 (Br)	7	2, 8, 18, 7
36	氪 (Kr)	8	2, 8, 18, 8
37	铷 (Rb)	1	2, 8, 18, 8, 1
38	锶 (Sr)	2	2, 8, 18, 8, 2
39	钇 (Y)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 9, 2
40	锆 (Zr)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 10, 2
41	铌 (Nb)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 12, 1
42	钼 (Mo)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 13, 1
43	锝 (Tc)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 13, 2
44	钌 (Ru)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 15, 1
45	铑 (Rh)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 16, 1
46	钯 (Pd)	(18)	2, 8, 18, 18
47	银 (Ag)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 18, 1
48	镉 (Cd)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 18, 2
49	铟 (In)	3	2, 8, 18, 18, 3
50	锡 (Sn)	4	2, 8, 18, 18, 4
51	锑 (Sb)	5	2, 8, 18, 18, 5
52	碲 (Te)	6	2, 8, 18, 18, 6
53	碘 (I)	7	2, 8, 18, 18, 7
54	氙 (Xe)	8	2, 8, 18, 18, 8
55	铯 (Cs)	1	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1
56	钡 (Ba)	2	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
57	镧 (La)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
58	铈 (Ce)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
59	镨 (Pr)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
60	钕 (Nd)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2
61	钷 (Pm)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
62	钐 (Sm)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2
63	铕 (Eu)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2
64	钆 (Gd)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
65	铽 (Tb)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
66	镝 (Dy)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 28, 8, 2
67	钬 (Ho)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
68	铒 (Er)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
69	铥 (Tm)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
70	镱 (Yb)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2
71	镥 (Lu)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2
72	铪 (Hf)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
73	钽 (Ta)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
74	钨 (W)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
75	铼 (Re)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2
76	锇 (Os)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
77	铱 (Ir)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
78	铂 (Pt)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
79	金 (Au)	(1)	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
80	汞 (Hg)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
81	铊 (Tl)	3	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
82	铅 (Pb)	4	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
83	铋 (Bi)	5	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
84	钋 (Po)	6	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6
85	砹 (At)	7	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7
86	氡 (Rn)	8	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8
87	钫 (Fr)	1	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1
88	镭 (Ra)	2	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 2
89	锕 (Ac)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2
90	钍 (Th)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2
91	镤 (Pa)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2
92	铀 (U)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2
93	镎 (Np)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
94	钚 (Pu)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
95	镅 (Am)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 8, 2
96	锔 (Cm)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 9, 2
97	锫 (Bk)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2
98	锎 (Cf)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
99	锿 (Es)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 29, 8, 2
100	镄 (Fm)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 30, 8, 2
101	钔 (Md)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 31, 8, 2
102	锘 (No)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 2
103	铹 (Lr)	(3)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3
104	𬬻 (Rf)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2
105	𬭊 (Db)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 11, 2
106	𬭳 (Sg)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 12, 2
107	𬭛 (Bh)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 13, 2
108	𬭶 (Hs)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 14, 2
109	鿏 (Mt)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 15, 2
110	𫟼 (Ds)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 16, 2
111	𬬭 (Rg)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 17, 2
112	鿔 (Cn)	(2)	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 2
113	鿭 (Nh)	3	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 3
114	𫓧 (Fl)	4	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 4
115	镆 (Mc)	5	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 5
116	𫟷 (Lv)	6	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6
117	鿬 (Ts)	7	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 7
118	鿫 (Og)	8	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 8