元素周期表图表
带离子电荷的元素周期表
这张元素周期表显示每种元素最常形成的离子所带的电荷。金属失去电子形成阳离子，非金属得到电子形成阴离子。
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- 1H1+ 1−
- 2He0
- 3Li1+
- 4Be2+
- 5B3+
- 6C4±
- 7N3−
- 8O2−
- 9F1−
- 10Ne0
- 11Na1+
- 12Mg2+
- 13Al3+
- 14Si4±
- 15P3−
- 16S2−
- 17Cl1−
- 18Ar0
- 19K1+
- 20Ca2+
- 21Sc3+
- 22Ti4+ 3+ 2+
- 23V5+ 4+ 3+
- 24Cr6+ 3+ 2+
- 25Mn7+ 4+ 3+
- 26Fe3+ 2+
- 27Co3+ 2+
- 28Ni3+ 2+
- 29Cu2+ 1+
- 30Zn2+
- 31Ga3+
- 32Ge4+ 2+
- 33As3−
- 34Se2−
- 35Br1−
- 36Kr0
- 37Rb1+
- 38Sr2+
- 39Y3+
- 40Zr4+
- 41Nb5+ 3+
- 42Mo6+
- 43Tc7+ 6+ 4+
- 44Ru3+
- 45Rh3+
- 46Pd3+ 2+
- 47Ag1+
- 48Cd2+
- 49In3+
- 50Sn4+ 2+
- 51Sb5+ 3+
- 52Te2−
- 53I1−
- 54Xe0
- 55Cs1+
- 56Ba2+
- 57La3+
- 58Ce4+ 3+
- 59Pr3+
- 60Nd3+
- 61Pm3+
- 62Sm3+ 2+
- 63Eu3+ 2+
- 64Gd3+
- 65Tb3+
- 66Dy3+
- 67Ho3+
- 68Er3+
- 69Tm3+
- 70Yb3+ 2+
- 71Lu3+
- 72Hf4+
- 73Ta5+
- 74W6+
- 75Re7+ 6+ 4+
- 76Os4+ 3+
- 77Ir4+ 3+
- 78Pt4+ 2+
- 79Au3+ 1+
- 80Hg2+ 1+
- 81Tl3+ 1+
- 82Pb4+ 2+
- 83Bi5+ 3+
- 84Po4+ 2+
- 85At1−
- 86Rn0
- 87Fr1+
- 88Ra2+
- 89Ac3+
- 90Th4+
- 91Pa5+ 4+
- 92U6+ 5+ 4+
- 93Np6+ 5+ 4+
- 94Pu6+ 5+ 4+
- 95Am6+ 5+ 4+
- 96Cm3+
- 97Bk4+ 3+
- 98Cf3+
- 99Es3+
- 100Fm3+
- 101Md3+ 2+
- 102No3+ 2+
- 103Lr3+
- 104Rf4+
- 105Db5+ 4+ 3+
- 106Sg6+ 5+ 4+
- 107Bh7+ 5+ 4+
- 108Hs8+ 6+ 5+
- 109Mt9+ 8+ 6+
- 110Ds8+ 6+ 4+
- 111Rg5+ 3+ 1+
- 112Cn2+ 1+
- 113Nh—
- 114Fl6+ 4+ 2+
- 115Mc3+ 1+
- 116Lv4+ 2+
- 117Ts5+ 3+ 1+
- 118Og0
阳离子阴离子阳离子或阴离子不形成离子无数据
变化趋势
主族元素的电荷与所在的族对应：碱金属为 1+，碱土金属为 2+，铝所在的族为 3+，氮和磷为 3−，氧所在的族为 2−，卤素为 1−。稀有气体不形成离子。过渡金属常有不止一种常见电荷，例如铁（2+ 和 3+）和铜（1+ 和 2+）。碳和硅通常共用电子而不形成离子，所以标为 4±。
全部元素的带离子电荷的元素周期表
| 序号 | 元素 | 常见离子电荷 | 氧化态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 氢 (H) | 1+, 1− | +1, -1 |
| 2 | 氦 (He) | 0 | 0 |
| 3 | 锂 (Li) | 1+ | +1 |
| 4 | 铍 (Be) | 2+ | +2 |
| 5 | 硼 (B) | 3+ | +3 |
| 6 | 碳 (C) | 4± | +4, +2, -4 |
| 7 | 氮 (N) | 3− | +5, +4, +3, +2, +1, -1, -2, -3 |
| 8 | 氧 (O) | 2− | -2 |
| 9 | 氟 (F) | 1− | -1 |
| 10 | 氖 (Ne) | 0 | 0 |
| 11 | 钠 (Na) | 1+ | +1 |
| 12 | 镁 (Mg) | 2+ | +2 |
| 13 | 铝 (Al) | 3+ | +3 |
| 14 | 硅 (Si) | 4± | +4, +2, -4 |
| 15 | 磷 (P) | 3− | +5, +3, -3 |
| 16 | 硫 (S) | 2− | +6, +4, -2 |
| 17 | 氯 (Cl) | 1− | +7, +5, +1, -1 |
| 18 | 氩 (Ar) | 0 | 0 |
| 19 | 钾 (K) | 1+ | +1 |
| 20 | 钙 (Ca) | 2+ | +2 |
| 21 | 钪 (Sc) | 3+ | +3 |
| 22 | 钛 (Ti) | 4+, 3+, 2+ | +4, +3, +2 |
| 23 | 钒 (V) | 5+, 4+, 3+ | +5, +4, +3, +2 |
| 24 | 铬 (Cr) | 6+, 3+, 2+ | +6, +3, +2 |
| 25 | 锰 (Mn) | 7+, 4+, 3+ | +7, +4, +3, +2 |
| 26 | 铁 (Fe) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 27 | 钴 (Co) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 28 | 镍 (Ni) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 29 | 铜 (Cu) | 2+, 1+ | +2, +1 |
| 30 | 锌 (Zn) | 2+ | +2 |
| 31 | 镓 (Ga) | 3+ | +3 |
| 32 | 锗 (Ge) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2 |
| 33 | 砷 (As) | 3− | +5, +3, -3 |
| 34 | 硒 (Se) | 2− | +6, +4, -2 |
| 35 | 溴 (Br) | 1− | +5, +1, -1 |
| 36 | 氪 (Kr) | 0 | 0 |
| 37 | 铷 (Rb) | 1+ | +1 |
| 38 | 锶 (Sr) | 2+ | +2 |
| 39 | 钇 (Y) | 3+ | +3 |
| 40 | 锆 (Zr) | 4+ | +4 |
| 41 | 铌 (Nb) | 5+, 3+ | +5, +3 |
| 42 | 钼 (Mo) | 6+ | +6 |
| 43 | 锝 (Tc) | 7+, 6+, 4+ | +7, +6, +4 |
| 44 | 钌 (Ru) | 3+ | +3 |
| 45 | 铑 (Rh) | 3+ | +3 |
| 46 | 钯 (Pd) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 47 | 银 (Ag) | 1+ | +1 |
| 48 | 镉 (Cd) | 2+ | +2 |
| 49 | 铟 (In) | 3+ | +3 |
| 50 | 锡 (Sn) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2 |
| 51 | 锑 (Sb) | 5+, 3+ | +5, +3, -3 |
| 52 | 碲 (Te) | 2− | +6, +4, -2 |
| 53 | 碘 (I) | 1− | +7, +5, +1, -1 |
| 54 | 氙 (Xe) | 0 | 0 |
| 55 | 铯 (Cs) | 1+ | +1 |
| 56 | 钡 (Ba) | 2+ | +2 |
| 57 | 镧 (La) | 3+ | +3 |
| 58 | 铈 (Ce) | 4+, 3+ | +4, +3 |
| 59 | 镨 (Pr) | 3+ | +3 |
| 60 | 钕 (Nd) | 3+ | +3 |
| 61 | 钷 (Pm) | 3+ | +3 |
| 62 | 钐 (Sm) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 63 | 铕 (Eu) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 64 | 钆 (Gd) | 3+ | +3 |
| 65 | 铽 (Tb) | 3+ | +3 |
| 66 | 镝 (Dy) | 3+ | +3 |
| 67 | 钬 (Ho) | 3+ | +3 |
| 68 | 铒 (Er) | 3+ | +3 |
| 69 | 铥 (Tm) | 3+ | +3 |
| 70 | 镱 (Yb) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 71 | 镥 (Lu) | 3+ | +3 |
| 72 | 铪 (Hf) | 4+ | +4 |
| 73 | 钽 (Ta) | 5+ | +5 |
| 74 | 钨 (W) | 6+ | +6 |
| 75 | 铼 (Re) | 7+, 6+, 4+ | +7, +6, +4 |
| 76 | 锇 (Os) | 4+, 3+ | +4, +3 |
| 77 | 铱 (Ir) | 4+, 3+ | +4, +3 |
| 78 | 铂 (Pt) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2 |
| 79 | 金 (Au) | 3+, 1+ | +3, +1 |
| 80 | 汞 (Hg) | 2+, 1+ | +2, +1 |
| 81 | 铊 (Tl) | 3+, 1+ | +3, +1 |
| 82 | 铅 (Pb) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2 |
| 83 | 铋 (Bi) | 5+, 3+ | +5, +3 |
| 84 | 钋 (Po) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2 |
| 85 | 砹 (At) | 1− | +7, +5, +3, +1, -1 |
| 86 | 氡 (Rn) | 0 | 0 |
| 87 | 钫 (Fr) | 1+ | +1 |
| 88 | 镭 (Ra) | 2+ | +2 |
| 89 | 锕 (Ac) | 3+ | +3 |
| 90 | 钍 (Th) | 4+ | +4 |
| 91 | 镤 (Pa) | 5+, 4+ | +5, +4 |
| 92 | 铀 (U) | 6+, 5+, 4+ | +6, +5, +4, +3 |
| 93 | 镎 (Np) | 6+, 5+, 4+ | +6, +5, +4, +3 |
| 94 | 钚 (Pu) | 6+, 5+, 4+ | +6, +5, +4, +3 |
| 95 | 镅 (Am) | 6+, 5+, 4+ | +6, +5, +4, +3 |
| 96 | 锔 (Cm) | 3+ | +3 |
| 97 | 锫 (Bk) | 4+, 3+ | +4, +3 |
| 98 | 锎 (Cf) | 3+ | +3 |
| 99 | 锿 (Es) | 3+ | +3 |
| 100 | 镄 (Fm) | 3+ | +3 |
| 101 | 钔 (Md) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 102 | 锘 (No) | 3+, 2+ | +3, +2 |
| 103 | 铹 (Lr) | 3+ | +3 |
| 104 | 𬬻 (Rf) | 4+ | +4 |
| 105 | 𬭊 (Db) | 5+, 4+, 3+ | +5, +4, +3 |
| 106 | 𬭳 (Sg) | 6+, 5+, 4+ | +6, +5, +4, +3, 0 |
| 107 | 𬭛 (Bh) | 7+, 5+, 4+ | +7, +5, +4, +3 |
| 108 | 𬭶 (Hs) | 8+, 6+, 5+ | +8, +6, +5, +4, +3, +2 |
| 109 | 鿏 (Mt) | 9+, 8+, 6+ | +9, +8, +6, +4, +3, +1 |
| 110 | 𫟼 (Ds) | 8+, 6+, 4+ | +8, +6, +4, +2, 0 |
| 111 | 𬬭 (Rg) | 5+, 3+, 1+ | +5, +3, +1, -1 |
| 112 | 鿔 (Cn) | 2+, 1+ | +2, +1, 0 |
| 113 | 鿭 (Nh) | — | — |
| 114 | 𫓧 (Fl) | 6+, 4+, 2+ | +6, +4, +2, +1, 0 |
| 115 | 镆 (Mc) | 3+, 1+ | +3, +1 |
| 116 | 𫟷 (Lv) | 4+, 2+ | +4, +2, -2 |
| 117 | 鿬 (Ts) | 5+, 3+, 1+ | +5, +3, +1, -1 |
| 118 | 鿫 (Og) | 0 | +6, +4, +2, +1, 0, -1 |